Researchers from the University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona; have presented an article titled: “Application of optical coherence tomography to automated contact lens metrology.”

The researchers from Tucson, Arizona, have also noted:

• “Prism is defined as the maximum difference in thickness of the contact lens, measured over a full 360 deg of rotation, at a fixed distance from the contact lens edge.”
• “We develop and test a novel algorithm that automatically analyzes OCT images and calculates prism.”
• “Images are obtained using a Thorlabs OCT930SR OCT system.”
• “The OCT probe is fastened to an automated rotation stage that rotates 360 deg in small increments (typically 10 deg) to acquire OCT images of the edge of the contact lens around the entire circumference.”
• “The images are 1.6 mm in optical depth (512 pixels) and 2 mm wide (1000 pixels).”
• “Several sets of images are successfully analyzed.”
• “The prism measured for a toric lens is 42 mum, which is in line with design parameters.”
• “Thickness measurements are repeatable with a standard deviation of 0.5 mum and maximum range of 1.8 mum over ten image sets.”
• “This work demonstrates the possibility of using OCT to perform nondestructive contact lens metrology.”

(1) Davidson BR, Barton JK: Application of optical coherence tomography to automated contact lens metrology. J Biomed Opt. 2010 January/February;15(1):016009.

Tags: acquire images algorithm analyzed Arizona around attractive automated contact lens metrology automated rotation stage automatic analysis automatically analyzes calculate prism circumference contact lens edge contact lens metrology contact lens prism contact lens thickness contacts defined degrees of rotation design parameters develop and test edge entire fastened fixed distance full 360 degrees imaging index mismatches lens edge maximum difference measured measurements measuring prism metrology micron-scale mismatches modality nature noncontact nondestructive nondestructive contact lens nondestructive contact lens metrology novel algorithm OCT images OCT probe optical coherence tomography optical depth potential prism quantitative refractive index repeatable resolution rotation stage sensitivity several sets small increments small refractive index mismatches spatial specifically successfully thickness toric lens Tucson University of Arizona

Researchers from Behavioural Brain Sciences, Department of Psychology, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, West Midlands, England, United Kingdom;  School of Psychology, University of Sussex, Brighton, Sussex, England, United Kingdom; School of Psychology, University of Nottingham, University Park, Notttingham, East Midlands, England, United Kingdom; and School of Biological Sciences, University of Sussex, Brighton, Sussex, England, United Kingdom; have presented an article titled: “The eyes have it: An exploration of eye movements in action disorganisation syndrome.”

The researchers from University of Birmingham, University of Sussex and University of Nottingham, have also noted:

• “We compared his eye movements with those of a person with Alzheimer’s disease and with healthy volunteers.”
• “Despite showing very disorganised behaviour many aspects of FK’s eye movements were relatively normal.”
• “However, unlike normal participants FK made no advance glances to objects that were about to be used, and he made increased numbers of fixations to irrelevant objects during the task.”
• “There were also differences in the durations of his eye movements during correct actions and during his perseverative and task-addition responses.”

(1) Forde EM, Rusted J, Mennie N, Land M, Humphreys GW: The eyes have it: An exploration of eye movements in action disorganisation syndrome. Neuropsychologia. 2010 Feb 18; (Article in Press)

Tags: action disorganisation syndrome advance glances Alzheimers disease aspects Behavioural Brain Sciences Birmingham compared eye movements correct actions cup of tea Department of Psychology disorganisation disorganised behavior durations during the task Edgbaston England everyday task exploration eye movements eye movements in action fixations healthy increased numbers irrelevant making a cup of tea normal objects perseverative relatively responses syndrome task-addition the eyes have it United Kingdom University of Birmingham unlike normal participants very disorganised behaviour volunteers West Midlands

Researchers from London, England, United Kingdom; have presented an article titled: “LASIK for Myopic Astigmatism and Presbyopia Using Non-Linear Aspheric Micro-Monovision with the Carl Zeiss Meditec MEL 80 Platform.”

The researchers from London have concluded:

• “This non-linear aspheric myopic micro-monovision protocol was well-tolerated, stable, and effective for treating patients with presbyopia in moderate to high myopic astigmatism.”

The researchers from London have also noted:

• “A retrospective, noncomparative case series included 310 eyes of 155 consecutive patients with myopic astigmatism and presbyopia who were treated with LASIK-induced micro-monovision.”
• “The Carl Zeiss Meditec CRS-Master software and MEL 80 excimer laser were used.”
• “The target refraction was plano for distance eyes (dominant eye) and between -0.75 and -2.00 diopters (D) for near eyes.”
• “Patients were followed for 1 year.”
• “Mean attempted spherical equivalent refraction (SE) correction was -3.59+/-1.79 D (range: -0.20 to -8.31 D).”
• “Mean attempted cylinder correction was 0.84+/-0.63 D (range: 0 to 2.50 D).”
• “Median patient age was 49 years (range: 43 to 63 years).”
• “Median follow-up was 12.5 months.”
• “Outcome measures after all treatments were as follows.”
• “Achieved SE correction was within +/-0.50 D in 92% and within +/-1.00 D in 99% of eyes.”
• “Monocular uncorrected distance visual acuity was 20/20 in 99% and 20/32 in 100% of distance eyes.”
• “Binocular uncorrected near visual acuity was J2 in 96% and J5 in 100% of patients.”
• “Binocular uncorrected visual acuity was 20/20 and J5 in 99% of patients.”
• “No eyes lost 2 or more lines of corrected distance visual acuity.”
• “There was no change in mesopic contrast sensitivity (CSV-1000) at all spatial frequencies.”
• “The average change in refraction between 3 months and 1 year was -0.06+/-0.31 D.”

(1) Reinstein DZ, Archer TJ, Gobbe M: LASIK for Myopic Astigmatism and Presbyopia Using Non-Linear Aspheric Micro-Monovision with the Carl Zeiss Meditec MEL 80 Platform. J Refract Surg. 2010 Mar 11:1-15. doi: 10.3928/1081597X-20100212-04; (Article in Press)

Tags: aspheric micro-monovision aspheric monovision astigmatism binocular contrast cylinder correction distance eyes distance vision dominant eye England excimer laser high myopic astigmatism LASIK LASIK-induced LASIK-induced micro-monovision London mesopic contrast sensitivity moderate monocular myopic astigmatism near eyes nearsighted non-linear non-linear aspheric micro-monovision non-linear aspheric micro-monovision protocol non-linear micro-monovision plano presbyopia sensitivity software spatial frequencies spheric vision spherical stable target refraction United Kingdom well-tolerated

Professor Dennis S C Lam and researchers in Hong Kong, China; from Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Chinese University of Hong Kong, New Territories; Eye Institute, University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Pokfulam; Hong Kong Eye Hospital, Kowloon; Department of Ophthalmology, United Christian Hospital, Kowloon; and Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin; have presented an article titled: “Phacoemulsification vs Phacotrabeculectomy in Chronic Angle-closure Glaucoma With Cataract Complications.”

The researchers from Hong Kong have concluded:

• “Combined phacotrabeculectomy resulted in significantly more surgical complications than phacoemulsification alone in CACG eyes with coexisting cataract.”
• “There was no difference in visual acuity or disease progression between the 2 treatment groups.”

The researchers from Hong Kong have also noted:

• “The first trial recruited patients with medically controlled intraocular pressure, while the second trial recruited patients with medically uncontrolled intraocular pressure.”
• “Sixty-two CACG eyes were randomized to receive phacoemulsification alone, and 61 eyes had combined phacotrabeculectomy.”
• “In the phacoemulsification group, 5 of the 62 CACG eyes (8.1%) had a total of 5 surgical complications.”
• “In the combined phacotrabeculectomy group, 16 of the 61 CACG eyes (26.2%) had a total of 19 surgical complications.”
• “The difference in the proportion of eyes with 1 or more surgical complications between the 2 treatment groups was statistically significant (P = .007, Pearson chi(2) test).”
• “There was no statistically significant difference in final visual acuity or glaucomatous progression during the 24-month follow-up.”

(1) Tham CC, Kwong YY, Leung DY, Lam SW, Li FC, Chiu TY, Chan JC, Lam DS, Lai JS: Phacoemulsification vs Phacotrabeculectomy in Chronic Angle-closure Glaucoma With Cataract Complications. Arch Ophthalmol. 2010 Mar;128(3):303-11.

Tags: CACG CACG eyes cataract cataract complications China Chinese University of Hong Kong chronic angle-closure glaucoma coexisting cataract combined phacotrabeculectomy compare complications Department of Ophthalmology Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences disease Eye Institute glaucomatous Hong Kong Hong Kong Eye Hospital intraocular pressure Kowloon medically medically controlled phacoemulsification alone Pokfulam Prince of Wales Hospital progression proportion of eyes Queen Mary Hospital Shatin surgical complications uncontrolled uncontrolled intraocular pressure United Christian Hospital University of Hong Kong visual acuity

Researchers from Electronics Engineering Department, Politecnico di Torino, Torino - Italy; have presented an article titled: “Broader corneal characterization with PulseESPI applied to elasticity measurements.”

The researchers from Electronics Engineering Department, Politecnico di Torino, Torino - Italy; have concluded:

• “PulseESPI may help in important corneal elasticity measurements used for complication-free optimized ophthalmic surgery.”
• “It seems to be a promising method to conduct stress-related investigations on biological samples.”
• “To our knowledge, this is the first time that PulseESPI has been used for such ophthalmic measurements.”

The researchers from Electronics Engineering Department, Politecnico di Torino, Torino - Italy; have also noted:

• “The approach of this study is to observe dynamic behavior of cornea against stresses as mapped with PulseESPI.”
• “For this purpose, strain was induced to the cornea using a fine rod with a mechanical vibrator.”
• “It was found that cornea has a response pattern to the dynamic stressing.”
• “Its surface exhibits a resonance frequency which can be measured with PulseESPI.”
• “This information of resonance frequency can be characteristic to the cornea.”

(1) Gualini MM, Iqbal S, Sixt W, Khan WA, Zulfiqar K: Broader corneal characterization with PulseESPI applied to elasticity measurements. Eur J Ophthalmol. 2010 Jan 12;20(2):306-309; (Article in Press)

Tags: cornea corneal refractive surgery elastic properties elasticity eye surgery laser-ablative procedures laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis resonance frequency

More from a Release dated March 10, sourced from Abbott:

Abbott Receives U.S. FDA Approval for New Cataract Multifocal Intraocular Lens

ABBOTT PARK, Ill., March 10 /PRNewswire-FirstCall/ — Abbott (NYSE: ABT) announced today it has received U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approval for the TECNIS® Multifocal 1-Piece intraocular lens (IOL) for cataract patients with and without presbyopia.

Intraocular lenses are implanted in a patient’s eye after the removal of the natural lens that has become clouded by a cataract.  Conventional monofocal IOLs are designed to focus primarily at one distance and do not correct presbyopia, an age-related change in vision that occurs when the eye’s natural lens can no longer adjust its focal length to allow clear vision at different distances.

The TECNIS lens has also received presbyopia-correcting IOL status by the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS), providing Medicare beneficiaries with the option to receive a TECNIS Multifocal 1-Piece lens for an additional fee as part of cataract surgery.

“With this approval, Medicare cataract patients have a new opportunity to enjoy near, intermediate and distance vision without needing glasses, with nearly 9 out of 10 patients reporting that they never wear glasses following surgery,” said Jim Mazzo, senior vice president, Abbott Medical Optics.  ”As an added benefit, surgeons now have the clinical benefits and high patient satisfaction rates they have come to expect with the TECNIS Multifocal 3-Piece IOL in a next-generation, easy to insert, one-piece design.”

The TECNIS Multifocal 1-Piece IOL is a pupil-independent, full diffractive presbyopia-correcting lens designed for optimal image quality at all distances under any lighting condition. Its unique optic design gives patients superior near vision and reading speed compared to other presbyopia-correcting IOLs.

Other features/benefits include:

Patented wavefront-designed aspheric anterior surface designed to reduce average spherical aberration to essentially zeroReduction of chromatic aberration for better image qualityNext-generation, easy-to-insert one-piece design

“I look forward to incorporating the TECNIS Multifocal 1-Piece IOL into my practice for patients who desire spectacle independence,” said Kerry Assil, M.D. “I’ve been extremely pleased with the pupil-independent performance of the prior design and anticipate the same inherent benefits will be demonstrated by the TECNIS Multifocal optic lens on the one-piece platform.”

TECNIS multifocal IOLs are indicated for primary implantation for the visual correction of adult patients with and without presbyopia in whom a cataractous lens has been removed and who desire near, intermediate, and distance vision with increased spectacle independence.  The intraocular lenses are intended to be placed in the capsular bag.  Abbott has begun shipping TECNIS Multifocal 1-Piece IOLs in select markets and plans for full commercial shipments to begin in April 2010.

Additional information about TECNIS multifocal IOLs, including important safety information, is available at www.abbottmedicaloptics.com.

About Abbott

Abbott is a global, broad-based health care company devoted to the discovery, development, manufacture and marketing of pharmaceuticals and medical products, including nutritionals, devices and diagnostics.  The company employs approximately 83,000 people and markets its products in more than 130 countries.
…

Tags: aspheric lenses cataractous lens distance vision intermediate vision multifocal intraocular lens multifocal IOLs near vision wavefront-designed lens

Researchers from Peking University Third Hospital, Peking University Eye Center, Beijing, China; have presented an article titled: “Effects of Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells Transplantation on Light-Damaged Retina.”

The researchers from Peking University Third Hospital, Peking University Eye Center, Beijing, China; have concluded:

• “BMSCs subretinal transplantation could inhibit photoreceptors apoptosis and slow down retinal damage in light-damaged eyes.”
• “BMSCs could express bFGF (in vitro) and BDNF (in vitro and in vivo), pointing to potential trophic and protective effects on light-damaged retinas.”

The researchers from Peking University Third Hospital, Peking University Eye Center, Beijing, China; have also noted:

• “4′ 6- diamidino -2-phenylindole (DAPI)-labeled BMSCs were transplanted into the subretinal space of light-damaged Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats 10 days after exposure.”
• “BMSCs were cultivated with the supernatant of homogenized retina (SHR).”
• “Compared with the phosphate buffered solution (PBS) injection group and the light damage group, the outer nuclear layer (ONL) contained significantly more cells and the percentage of apoptotic ONL cells was significantly reduced in the BMSCs transplantation group.”
• “Most DAPI-labeled BMSCs expressed brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF).”
• “There was elevated basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) and BDNF immunoreactivity in the retinas of the BMSCs transplantation group, as compared with the light damage group.”
• “In vitro culture showed that 10% BMSCs changed from fusiform shape to multipolar shape.”
• “A fraction of cells expressed MAP2 or GFAP, and some cells expressed bFGF or BDNF when cultivated with light-damaged SHR for 7 days.”

(1) Zhang Y, Wang W: Effects of Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells Transplantation on Light-Damaged Retina. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2010 Mar 5; (Article in Press)

Tags: apoptosis apoptotic basic fibroblast growth factor BDNF Beijing bFGF BMSCs bone marrow brain-derived neurotrophic factor China cultivated effects elevated fraction fusiform gene therapy GFAP homogenized retina immunoreactivity inhibit injection group light damage group light-damaged light-damaged eyes light-damaged retinas light-damaged SHR light-damaged Sprague-Dawley rats MAP2 mechanisms mesenchymal stem cells multipolar ONL cells outer nuclear layer Peking University Eye Center Peking University Third Hospital phosphate buffered solution photoreceptors photoreceptors apoptosis protective effects rat bone reduced retinal damage retinal structure slow down subretinal space subretinal transplantation supernatant transplantation transplantation group trophic

Researchers from Kyorin Eye Center, Kyorin University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan; have presented an article titled: “Perforating eyelid injury extending to the brain stem in a 17-year-old woman: a case report.”

The researchers from Tokyo have concluded:

• “We recommend that MRI be performed on the orbit and brain in patients who appear to have symptoms that are inconsistent with the observed injury and when a severe orbitocranial injury is suspected.”

The researchers from Tokyo have also noted:

• “A 17-year-old Japanese woman complained of decreased vision in her right eye, with severe ocular pain and headaches, after the metal tip of an umbrella struck her upper right eyelid accidentally.”
• “Her vision in the right eye decreased to light perception with commotio retinae, intraretinal hemorrhage, and severe lid swelling.”
• “Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) demonstrated edema of the head of the caudate nucleus and putamen, and the edema extended to the hypothalamus.”
• “The MRI findings indicated that the umbrella tip had penetrated through the eyelid and the posterior orbital wall.”
• “Vision improved to 20/50 in the right eye, with subretinal fibrosis caused by the choroidal rupture.”

(1) Noda E, Inoue M, Yoshikawa-Kobayashi I, Nagamoto T: Perforating eyelid injury extending to the brain stem in a 17-year-old woman: a case report. J Med Case Reports. 2010 Jan 21;4:18.

Tags: 17-year-old accidentally brain brain stem caudate nucleus choroid choroidal rupture commotio retinae decreased edema extended eyelid eyelid injury fibrosis headaches hypothalamu inconsistent injury intraretinal hemorrhage Japan Kyorin Eye Center Kyorin University School of Medicine lid swelling light perception magnetic resonance imaging metal tip MRI findings observed injury ocular pain orbit orbitocranial pain penetrated perforating eyelid injury posterior orbital wall putamen right eye severe subretinal swollen eyelid symptoms Tokyo umbrella struck umbrella tip upper right eyelid vision

Researchers from Willow Bend Wellness Center, Lam Facial Plastic Surgery Center & Hair Restoration Institute, Plano, Texas, USA; have presented an article titled: “Supratarsal Crease Creation in the Asian Upper Eyelid.”

The researchers from Lam Facial Plastic Surgery Center & Hair Restoration Institute have also noted:

• “A conservative supratarsal crease height and conservative to no removal of postseptal fat help to ensure this natural-appearing result.”
• “With the full-incision method, consistently excellent results have been achieved with durable crease fixation despite a prolonged recovery time.”
• “The supratarsal crease fixation provides an excellent method for the younger patient seeking cosmetic eyelid enhancement.”
• “However, for the aging Asian patient, the complexity of the strategy is greater.”

(1) Lam SM, Karam AM: Supratarsal Crease Creation in the Asian Upper Eyelid. Facial Plast Surg Clin North Am. 2010 Feb;18(1):43-47.

Tags: aging Asian patient aging patient anti-aging Asian Asian eyelid surgery Asian patient Asian upper eyelid awake look complexity compromising conservative consistently cosmetic eyelid cosmetic surgery crease crease height durable enhancement enhancement surgery ensure ethnic appearance excellent eyelid surgery fixation full-incision greater Lam Facial Plastic Surgery Center 038 Hair Restoration Institute natural-appearing open-eyed Plano postseptal fat prolonged recovery time removal result results strategy supratarsal supratarsal crease fixation Texas USA Willow Bend Wellness Center younger patient

Researchers from Nanotechnology and Integrated Bio-Engineering Centre, School of Engineering, University of Ulster, Newtownabbey, Northern Ireland; have presented an article titled: “Lens epithelial cell response to atmospheric pressure plasma modified poly(methylmethacrylate) surfaces.”

The researchers from Nanotechnology and Integrated Bio-Engineering Centre have also noted:

• “In this study, an atmospheric pressure dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) has been used to modify the surface region of poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA), a well established ocular biomaterial, with the aim of promoting a controlled response to human lens epithelial cells (LEC) cultured thereon.”
• “The DBD plasma discharge environment has also been employed to chemically graft a layer of poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate (PEGMA) onto the PMMA and the response to LEC likewise determined.”
• “Two different molecular weights of PEGMA, namely 1000 and 2000 MW were used in these experiments.”
• “The LEC response to DBD treated polystyrene (PS) samples has also been examined as a positive control and to help to further elucidate the nature of the modified surfaces.”
• “The LEC adhered and proliferated readily on the DBD treated PMMA and PS surfaces when compared to the pristine polymer samples which showed little or no cell response.”
• “The PMMA and PS surfaces that had been DBD grafted with the PEGMA(1000) layer were found to have some adhered cells.”
• “However, on closer inspection, these cells were clearly on the verge of detaching.”
• “In the case of the PEGMA(2000) grafted surfaces no cells were observed indicating that the higher molecular weight PEGMA has been able to attain a surface conformation that is capable of resisting cell attachment in vitro.”

(1) D’Sa RA, Burke GA, Meenan BJ: Lens epithelial cell response to atmospheric pressure plasma modified poly(methylmethacrylate) surfaces. J Mater Sci Mater Med. 2010 Feb 27; (Article in Press)

Tags: adhered applications atmospheric pressure cellular response chemically graft controlled response cultured DBD grafted DBD plasma discharge DBD treated polystyrene detaching dielectric barrier discharge environment human lens epithelial cells Ireland lens epithelial cell modified surfaces molecular weights molecule Nanotechnology and Integrated Bio-Engineering Centre Newtownabbey no cell response Northern Ireland ocular biomaterial ocular implant one surface ophthalmic implant PEGMA plasma modified PMMA polyethylene glycol methyl ether methacrylate polymer polymeric biomaterials polymethyl methacrylate polystyrene positive control pristine proliferated promoting cell attachment resistant samples w School of Engineering selective control surface conformation surface region United Kingdom University of Ulster verge well established